Tuesday, December 7, 2010

THREE WISE MEN FROM CHINA?


From USA Today:

The story of the Three Wise Men is one of the most familiar and beloved parts of the Christmas story. But for all of their popularity, the mysterious travelers from the East — known as the Magi — appear in only one short passage in the New Testament, following a star to the site of Jesus' birth and bringing gifts of gold, francincense and myrrh. Many religious scholars aren't even sure they really existed.

From Matthew 2:1-12

The Visit of the Wise Men

In the time of King Herod, after Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea, wise men from the East came to Jerusalem, asking, ‘Where is the child who has been born king of the Jews? For we observed his star at its rising, and have come to pay him homage.’ When King Herod heard this, he was frightened, and all Jerusalem with him; and calling together all the chief priests and scribes of the people, he inquired of them where the Messiah was to be born. They told him, ‘In Bethlehem of Judea; for so it has been written by the prophet:

“And you, Bethlehem, in the land of Judah,
are by no means least among the rulers of Judah;
for from you shall come a ruler
who is to shepherd my people Israel.” ’

Then Herod secretly called for the wise men and learned from them the exact time when the star had appeared. Then he sent them to Bethlehem, saying, ‘Go and search diligently for the child; and when you have found him, bring me word so that I may also go and pay him homage.’ When they had heard the king, they set out; and there, ahead of them, went the star that they had seen at its rising, until it stopped over the place where the child was. When they saw that the star had stopped, they were overwhelmed with joy. On entering the house, they saw the child with Mary his mother; and they knelt down and paid him homage. Then, opening their treasure-chests, they offered him gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh. And having been warned in a dream not to return to Herod, they left for their own country by another road.

Back to USA Today:

Now, a first-ever English translation and detailed analysis of a little-known eighth-century manuscript of a story probably written in the second or third century uncovers a far more substantial version of the wise men story.
....

[Brent] Landau's book, Revelation of the Magi: The Lost Tale of the Wise Men's Journey to Bethlehem (HarperOne) describes the Magi as an ancient mystical sect descended from Seth, the pious and virtuous third son of Adam and Eve. From Seth they inherited a prophecy of "a star of indescribable brightness" someday appearing and "heralding the birth of God in human form." This same star had initially hovered over the Tree of Life in the Garden of Eden.

Among the book's other revelations:

The Magi are described as coming from a land called Shir, "located in the extreme east of the world, at the shore of the Great Ocean." In other ancient texts, Shir is referred to "as a place where silk comes from," says Landau, suggesting that the references were to China.

In Syriac, the word Magi means "to pray in silence." Landau says it has no relationship to magicians or astrologers, sometimes cited in stories today.

Landau translated the 8th century manuscript as part of his doctoral dissertation at Harvard Divinity School. Do read the entire article at USA Today. I found it fascinating to learn a bit about what 2nd or 3rd century Christians made of the story of the Magi. I'd like to read the book.

Thanks to Ann V. for the link.

14 comments:

  1. Great story, Mimi, thanks. Will be thinking of these Mandarins from afar a lot this Christmas.

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  2. Arthur, the early Christians filled in the story quite nicely, didn't they?

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  3. I checked this book out at the bookstore the other day and added it to my wish list. I can’t afford it now but it looked very interesting.

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  4. I always imagined that, if they did exist, they would likely be Persian, Hindu, Tibetan or a combination.

    All three cultures had an advanced system of astrology and astronomy, strong mystical traditions, and cultures either monotheistic or open to monotheism.

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  5. Mark, I never thought too much about the details of the Magi. I simply accepted it as one of the many lovely stories surrounding the Nativity, which, by the way, I see as the greatest feast of the church. Without the Nativity, none of the rest of the Jesus story would have happened. The wonder of it is that God came down to be one of us. God came down....

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  6. I'm going to add this book to my wish list too, sounds fascinating.

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  7. Astrologers coming to visit? Too much fantasy and irrationality in one place.

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  8. Nixon, you've got to admit it's a lovely story.

    You sound a little gloomy. Haven't you got the Christmas spirit yet? The Christmas Spirit is mandatory here in the US - or as close as the fundies can get us to mandatory.

    I don't really have the Christmas spirit yet, myself. I'm still in the spirit of Advent.

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  9. As a story? Fairly banal.
    Quite apart from any appeal it has as a story, ads for x-mas now start halfway between Labor Day and Columbus Day; it's becoming The Holiday That Ate The Calendar.
    By the time December 26th rolls around, even believers must be somewhat relieved to see the end of it.

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  10. Nixon, it's not Christmas for me until the Christmas Eve service on Dec. 24. I tune out the rest as best I can.

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  11. We will enrich the rich, so the poor will be rich, thus taking in less revenue and lessening the deficit as we spend more - which we must do to keep the economy from collapsing, which it will if we allow the hoarding of wealth which we must allow or the economy will collapse.

    And you think the Wise Men are too much fantasy and irrationality? Are you in an opiate-induced stupor the rest of the time?

    Hardly irrational. While the conclusions of astrology are spurious, at best, it was the basis of the science of astronomy as alchemy was of chemistry. There was a rudimentary form of empiricism applied, leading to similar readings and conclusions. The Middle East is "middle" for a reason, as well. Mediterranean-centered thought - Greece, Rome, even Egypt - is eurocentric. The Silk Road would've brought the three retinues together, where they would compare notes, confer and decide on a similar destination.

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  12. Landau makes a fatal flaw, btw, in his reasoning.

    Whether "Magi" has anything to do with Syriac (bit of a stretch, as magi is plural of magus - perhaps they were actually bottles of Maggi seasoning, by that reasoning), Landau misunderstands the roles of both magicians and astrologers in ancient culture. They weren't entertainers; they were the priests, the shamans, the sacred ones. "Pray in silence" would've been a perfectly valid description for an ancient for both astrologers and magicians of that time.

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  13. Mr. Brunson, no opiates.
    And I've always had a great suspicion of "the wise ones", the "shamans", the "Reverends"-I've never met one who had anything to say that I hadn't heard better somewhere else and for free.
    "The magicians" to me means "conmen"; I don't see this as something to be proud of.

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